price discrimination versus price differentiation

Price Differentiation vs. Price Discrimination Price differentiation and price discrimination: two terms used in Marketing and Economy. First of all, it is appropriate to make an accurate definition for both of the terms. Price differentiation is a pricing strategy that â€Å"charges different segments of customers altered prices for the same products or services.† Likewise, we can meet with the same definition if we look for price discrimination definition. Then, is there a difference between price differentiation and price discrimination? If yes, what is the difference between them? Firstly, I will try to explain two term and then I summarize an article related with multimarket price differentiation. Price differentiation is based on the†¦show more content†¦According to authors, price differentiation has long been recognized as a strategy that companies can use to increase profits when consumers tastes and valuations of a good differ. Operating multiple distribution channels (e.g., offline and online stores) gives companies an opportunity to apply differential prices in these different contexts. However, existing empirical studies suggest that multi-channel retailers charge uniform prices through their different distribution channels in order to preserve channel consistency and avoid consumer complaints. In a market which has heterogeneous tastes and different products, companies can increase their profits by segmenting consumers and charging differential prices, which allows to capture additional consumer surplus. In the article, the authors mentions about the first study and analyze whether multi-channel retailers charge different prices for the same product through online and offline channels. The authors suggests that the price differentiation is profitable on the condition that the ratio of the marginal social value from an increase in quality to the total social value of the good increases with consumers willingness to pay. (Anderson Dana, 2009) Moreover, they explain the key conditions for a successful price differentiation related with market, retailer, and product characteristics. In terms ofShow MoreRelatedThe Pricing Strategy Of T Shirts1533 Words   |  7 Pagessum of the price of individual T-shirt. This type of pricing is based on the demand schedule where customers may have high willingness to pay for T-shirt but not for 5 T-shirts, and the pricing discount is to match customer willingness to pay. 5 T-shirts are packed for one price using a bundling pricing which is a second-degree price discrimination that used to extract consumer surplus. This is an example of a promotional bundle in the mixed bundling category in which the bundled price of the 5-TshirtRead MoreThe Impact Of Second Degree Price Discrimination On Consumer Surplus1752 Words   |  8 Pages â€Æ' Introduction In general ‘microeconomic theory’, Third-Degree Price Discrimination is said to be Pareto-inefficient because it reduces consumer surplus (Corts 1998). However, this claim has never been pervasive than it is in this modern day and age. With fast and ever-growing advancement in modern technology, firms are able to collect, analyse and utilise consumer information to their great advantage (Liu and Shuai 2016). Armed with this precise knowledge about the consumer, they (firms) can targetRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of the Current Economic Situation of the United States and the Situation Five Years Ago1237 Words   |  5 Pageset al, 2008). If this demand exceeds supply the prices of commodities increase making the real value of money are low. However, some degree of government involvement in business is crucial in an economy. Propose two methods of identifying groups of customers who should receive a discount for a product or service without alienating consumers Identification of method through which to provide a discount to a group of customers without discrimination is possible through market segmentation. The marketRead MoreApple Case Study1340 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: What, historically, have been Apple’s competitive advantage? Historically, Apple’s competitive advantage has been product differentiation and premium pricing strategy. Apple is known for offering high-end innovative products. Mike Markkula, investor and entrepreneur, was able to attract a lot of venture capital which allowed Apple to place a significant investment into RD in order to create its premium products. Unlike other â€Å"Wintel† firms that manufacture only hardware, AppleRead MoreA Short Note On Pricing And Non Pricing Strategies1137 Words   |  5 PagesThey each have their own bookstore located near each other in New York. There are four market structures and they are described in the table below: MARKET STRUCTURE NUMBER OF FIRMS TYPE OF PRODUCT ENTRY INTO INDUSTRY FIRM S INFLUENCE OVER PRICE EXAMPLES PERFECT COMPETITION MANY IDENTICAL EASY NONE AGRICULTURAL CROPS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MANY DIFFERENTIATED EASY MODERATE MANY LOCAL RETAIL OUTLETS OLIGOPOLY FEW EITHER IDENTICAL OR DIFFERENTIATED DIFFICULT MODERATE TO SUBSTANTIALRead MoreEconomic analysis of Apple Inc.2611 Words   |  11 Pagesreport will detail how Apple Inc. is both a dire example of the adverse effects of monopolistic competition on a company as other companies into the market; as well as an exceptional example the economic rewards yielded by innovation and brand differentiation within a competitive market. An analysis of Apple Inc would be incomplete without reviewing its past and present competitors. Reviewing these competitors will help the reviewer gain insight into comparative advantages held by other companiesRead MoreHappy Hour : A Concept Of Encouraging Revenue Generation1796 Words   |  8 Pagescriteria. The price is reduced based on the demand The condition is such that the profit will increase if the restaurant gets happy hours customer other than who drink during normal hours and the increased customer base contributes more revenue. With the reduced price during happy hour, faraway consumers are willing to come to the local restaurant to take advantage of the reduced price. Any time with the increase in consumers demand the overall demand becomes more elastic to changes in price. The increaseRead MoreRESUMING INTERNATIONALIZATION AT STARBUCKS1684 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom $160 million in 1993 to $10 billion in 2009. In 2007, Starbucks had a presence in 56 countries through approximately 17,000 stores. However, Starbucks’ relentless march had been slowed by increasingly intense competition and rising coffee bean prices between 2007 and 2009. After 2007, demand for Starbucks’ products was badly hit by the global economic recession. At the end of fiscal 2009, nearly all of the approximately 800 US Company-ope rated stores, 61 stores in Australia and 41 Company-operatedRead MoreAnalysis of Market Structures10585 Words   |  43 Pagesof firms within the market, the concentration or market power of firms as measured by their market shares, the purchasing behavior of buyers, the product type including differentiation or degree of homogeneity, the substitutability of the product, the elasticity of demand, the entry and exit barriers, the control over market price or output, and the level of profit maximization to name just a few. These conditions determine the level of competition that is present within the market. When competitionRead MoreEssay about MGC1 PRE-ASSESSMENT1434 Words   |  6 Pagessuppliers influence strategic planning? Suppliers can reduce manufacturing time and increase product quality. 7. A company offers unique products in its industry to create a competitive advantage. Which type of strategy is the company using? Differentiation 8. Happy Inc. is a leading provider of family entertainment and BCD is a broadcasting company with news, cable, and entertainment networks. Happy Inc. recently acquired BCD in hopes of boosting its primary business of family entertainment.

Morally Justification Of The Civil Disobedience - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 552 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Civil Disobedience Essay Did you like this example? I negate the resolution that civil disobedience in a democracy is morally justified. in order to formulate this round, I give these definitions, according to Merriam-Webster.com civil disobedience means to refusal to obey governmental demands or commands especially as a nonviolent and usually collective means of forcing concessions from the government. democracy means government by the people especially rule of the majority. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Morally Justification Of The Civil Disobedience" essay for you Create order And morally justified means acting in accord with divine or moral law and the central issue, my value for this debate is morality. My value criterion is maximizing honesty and loyalty which assists the government and the people to stay protected. My contentions are its immoral to defy any law, civil disobedience leads to rioting with the state, civil disobedience can hurt the government during war time My first contention to negate this resolution, its immoral to defy any law. According to debate.org Law are put in place to maintain order for instance Laws are brought in place to assure the liberties of the people or citizens, as well as sustain order and bypass conflict between societies. Laws serve as the benchmark of policy to the citizens, they also provide Protocall as to what is accepted in communities. Without laws there would be major destruction corruptions so should not defy the law because if its wrong to break the law you should not perform civil disobedience because youre also breaking the law My second contention to negate this resolution Civil disobedience can lead to rioting with the state. As claimed by the website debate.org it states, Civil disobedience can rapidly turn into a terrible Mob and fighting can occur because of, money, or social tension. for example, conflict with the police force would damage the relationship between the government and the citizens which would motivate the citizens to not trust and rely on the government. He nce, the state will start to fall apart since people do not trust it. Therefore, civil disobedience in a democracy should not be morally justified to avoid conflict rioting and violence My third contention to negate this resolution civil disobedience can hurt the government durig war time derives from the fact that CD during war time can divert and disturb the government and can decrease loyalty against the government along conflict and wartime, where the troops and armies need full support from their country or nation and the people will try to trick the government due to the fact that the government will already be distracted due to the war the citizens can easily make the gov listen to them and fix the act or law knowing he has a lot on his plate and making it even worse and after the war of as time passes the gov can realize the he made a mistake and may be too late to repeal the law or the other branches may or may not agree with him In conclusion I stated the civil disobedience in democracy is not morally justified and my contentions to support t his fact are its immoral to defy any law, civil disobedience leads to rioting with the state, civil disobedience can hurt the government during war time my value for this round was morality to set standards by society and people for evaluating the rightness and wrongness of acts.

The Conservative Values Of Their Parents - 1156 Words

teenagers retained the conservative values of their parents. This is not a logical conclusion nor is it supported by the substance of his earlier text. Oakley, unlike Pennington, appears to be writing from a religious perspective based on the title of his work, â€Å"God’s Country, America in the Fifties† which influenced his final conclusion. He cites surveys from college professors that supposedly reveal that the majority of teenagers retained conservative values. He seems naà ¯ve and out of touch with the true majority of the youth of the country during that time and only focuses on the values of college students to support his conclusion that 1950’s youth did not stray from the morals and values of their parents. His perspective seems to be written from the â€Å"white perspective† rather than an unbiased view. He continues to contradict himself when he concludes at the end of his piece that parents were still worried. If these youths had retained the ir conservative values, it would make no sense for the parents to be worried about their behavior. Pennington’s essay stays consistent throughout. He provides a more thoughtful and unbiased argument to support his conclusion that Rock and Roll and the new forms of consumerism expressed the inner conflict between conservative and rebellious forces for high school teenagers who wanted to rebel against their parents yet retain their conservative values. The tension between the generations in the 1950’s was caused by the teenagers changeShow MoreRelatedWhat is Political Socialization? Essay563 Words   |  3 Pagestheir political ideology. Political ideology is how a person expresses their values and beliefs into their political leaning (Dautrich p.270. A person can vary between liberal and conservative ideology depending on the political issues. Political ideology is shaped by a person’s life, values, and beliefs in what is called political socialization. Political socialization is â€Å"the process by which an individual acquires values, beliefs, and opinions about politics† (Dautrich p.272). Political socializationRead MoreHow Parents Religious Affiliation Affects the Way1565 Words   |  7 PagesParenting is something that is obviously successful or in the worst case, has failed miserably! We found that the parents religious affiliation affects the way they raise their children. The particular theologies theory posits that different religious affiliations put varying efforts into emphasizing family-formation strategies (Pearce 2002: 325). Religious affiliations, inspired parents to be fervent on imp lanting strong morals, maintaining close relational ties within their family, and encourageRead MoreFamily Values And The American Dream1441 Words   |  6 PagesFamily values have become a central idea in the concept of the American Dream. For several decades, family values have received emphasis in the American politics. Particularly, the last three decades of the twentieth century were of critical importance in the development of the various movements that promoted family values. The rise of evangelical leaders and conservative politicians served to bring family values to the consciousness of the nation. The Christian right leaders came together to supportRead MoreEssay about The Making of You as a Student1438 Words   |  6 Pages1a As a primary school student growing up in a major agricultural town, I can say with certainty that my school was one of mostly ‘Conservative’ orientation, but with an undercurrent of ‘Liberal’. I believe this largely influenced my identity, and led to a specific construction of child (Jones, 2011). This essay will discuss how a predominantly ‘Conservative’ orientation unintentionally shaped my childhood and adolescence, affected my views and expectations of sex and gender, and formed my Read MoreAbortion : Liberals Vs. Conservatives1658 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion: Liberals vs. Conservatives George Lakoff has a very unique was of looking at moral politics. He attempts to dissect the views of the liberal party and the views of the conservative parties in today’s society. Liberals  believe that the government should take action to achieve equal opportunity and equality for all.  The liberal party claims the duty of the government is to alleviate social problems and to protect civil liberties and human rights.  Also, they believe the role of the governmentRead MoreThe Importance of Social Stability and Economic Freedom to Conservatism1523 Words   |  7 Pagesfocussed on both social stability and economic freedom, believing that the two are inherently intertwined. The central theme of Conservative thought, namely â€Å"the desire to conserve†, is closely linked to the emphasis placed on respect for tradition, established customs and institutions that have endured the â€Å"test of time†. Conservatives fervently believe that tradition reflects the accumulated wisdom of the past, and that institutions and customs which have been testedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Graphic Novel Persepolis1423 Words   |  6 PagesIn the nine years following the Iranian Revolution, the Iranian government executed over 30,000 people as a result of their values conflicting with the conservative Islamic ideals of the new regime (McTighe). The graphic novel Persepolis explores this change in government and the conflict-ridden road leading to it through the story of a young girl named Marjane and her family. It explores how the family’s Communist attitudes cause them to be willing to risk their lives speaking out for a change,Read MoreWhy I Am Liberal Or Conservative?982 Words   |  4 PagesLIBERAL OR CONSERVATIVE Introduction Roadmap This paper will determine and defend whether I am liberal or conservative. I strongly disagree with many of the liberal principles; therefore, this paper will show that I am a conservative. In this thought paper I will compare a few of the issues that I agree with or disagree with from either position. Accordingly, I will cite several websites that I have found as well as define the terms I am choosing between. THESIS I believe that people shouldRead MoreConservative And Liberal Ideology On Healthcare Reform1482 Words   |  6 Pages Conservative and Liberal ideology has been an ongoing battle within the United States ever since this country has been established. People who have different views and beliefs on how this country should be ran. I really never got into conservative and liberal battle that goes on in our country. I guess I was too busy saving peoples lives to worry about how this country should be ran. Then I started to think to myself why aren’t you caring and I said, I should start caring about what happens toRead More Youth Rebelliion In The 1950s Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesRoberson During the 1950’s there was significant social change taking place in America. Young people were dissatisfied with certain conservative aspects of society and their conduct reflected this. They embraced the rock and roll culture, the new style of music and also the new styles of dancing and dress that were associated with it shocked the older more conservative people. Young people were also quick to protest against the controversial issues of the 1950’s. Civil Rights, the Vietnam War and general

Oscar Pistorius free essay sample

Oscar Pistorius, also known as â€Å"blade runner† because of his two carbon fiber prosthetic legs, is a Paralympic athlete who is a double leg amputee below the knee. He was born without a fibula in both of his legs. Oscar’s parents decided to have both of his legs amputated below the knee after consulting with many doctors around the world. Even after this Oscar became a very athletic individual getting involved with rugby and water polo as his two main sports. He also played cricket, tennis and participated in triathlons on the side. At the age of 16 he shattered his knee playing rugby. He then became very involved with running and track in general after having to do this for his rehab anyway. That got him to where he is. Now Oscar is a Paralympic athlete competing in track. He has come home with six gold medals, one silver and bronze medal. We will write a custom essay sample on Oscar Pistorius or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He runs the 100m, 200m and 400m in the competitive class of T43/T44 for Paralympics. He also holds a couple world records. At the 2012 Olympic games he was the first ever person with an amputation to run in the Olympics. The problem here is whether he should just strictly compete in the Olympics or just strictly in the Paralympics or should he able to compete in both like he did this past summer. I think that Oscar should have be allowed to compete in, and continue to run in an able-bodied sport such as the Olympics and in the Paralympics because he is obviously able to keep up with other individuals. I also think this because he is also challenging the other competitors. In my opinion just because he has the prosthetic legs doesn’t give him any more of an advantage. He has worked his whole life to get to where he is now and has dedicated his time to running and getting better as an athlete and individual. If he is able to keep up with all the other competitors then why should he not be able to participate in the Olympics. I think Oscar is an inspiration to many. I say this because he has beaten the odds and has gotten to place that no one else has gotten to. Becoming the first differently abled person to run in the Olympics and then making it to the semifinals of the 400m dash. He is great example of how human spirit can overcome adversity and so many barriers. I believe that Pistorius is truly a person that an individual with less ability can look up to. Another reason I have for him to be able to continue to run in the Olympics is because he brings great camaraderie to the atmosphere. After his final heat in the Olympics the winner, Kirani James, of that heat came up to him and wapped name tag/bib number. He said this to a reporter â€Å"I just see him as another athlete, another competitor. Whats more important is I see him as another person. Hes someone I admire and respect. † This quote right here from a competitor just says it all. If he is able to respect him as a competitor then I don’t see why everyone else in this sport cannot. He doesn’t look at him like he is â€Å"disabled† or any differently. He looks at Oscar as another individual that is trying to achieve the same goal he is. One counter argument would be that Oscar shouldn’t be able to run in able-bodied sports, such as the Olympics, because he has an unfair disadvantage because of his prosthetics. Some would say that he doesn’t have as much mass on his legs so therefore he doesn’t expend as much energy to get his legs moving thus making him faster. Others would also say that the prosthesis has more push and spring to them making him faster with his stride frequencies. A stride frequency or swing is the number or strides that a runner takes over a certain time period. According to the Journal of Applied Physiology â€Å"our analysis identifies two modifications of existing lower limb prostheses that would further enhance speed for double transtibial amputees: reduced mass to further decrease minimum swing times and increased length to further increase contact lengths. † From this finding it shows that there is an advantage to having a prosthesis. Some may say that there is also a psychological disadvantage to the competitors. One disadvantage is that they may or may not have lower expectations because he is â€Å"disabled†. What I mean by this is that he/she may lower their standards because they know that they are going to beat him and they don’t have to try as hard. Another psychological disadvantage may be that since they know he is â€Å"disabled† then they may or may not feel bad beating him. He/she may not want to beat him because it â€Å"looks bad on their part. † This could also affect the confidence of the competitors as well. Whether they should show him up and beat him or whether they should tone down a level and let him only lose by a second or two. I am going to end this with restating my opinion in that I do believe that he should be able to participate in both the Paralympics and Olympics because he has earned his right to compete in the Olympics by making the times and having the drive to succeed. One thing that has stuck in my head the whole time I have been writing this is a quote that Oscar has said â€Å"you are not disabled by your disabilities, but abled by your abilities. † I think that this quote means a lot. Its whether you decide to let you disability define you or you embrace it and live life.